Electrical-precipitator construction



Aug. 26, 1930. wlNTERMUTE ET AL 1,773,835

ELECTRICAL PRECIPITATOR CONSTRUCTION Filed' June '12. 1926 sSheets-Sheet 1 glfl 8/ INVENTORS.

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g- 1930- H. A; WINTERMUTE FIT-AL 1,773,835

ELECTRICAL PRECIPI'I'ATOR cousi'nuc'rron Filed Junel2, 192's 3Sheets-Sheet 2 V IN NTORS:

i Q 7 5 ATTORNEYS.

Aug; 26,1930. H. A. WINTERMUTE ET AL 1,773,835

I EI..EC'].'RICAL PRECIPITATOR CONSTRUCTION Filed June 12, 1926 v 3sheets shee't 5 I QQQQQQ /5 o a o ,34 qq l QQQQQQQ ATTORNEY-5.

Patented Aug 26, 1930 "U ITED STATE; "p ar-s ur OFFICE v HARRY a. wmtmam'rn, or NEW roman. 1., AND can:- win annnnnae, or unanimsnx :aonouen,new JERSEY, Assmnoas '10 imsnancn coaroaa'rron or NEW" YORK, N. Y., Acoaromrrron or NEW Yong y a ELECTBICAL-YPREGIPITATOB cons'rmrc'rronApplication filed June 12, 1926,. Scrial'No. 115,642;

, i be-elliptical9L in This invention relates to electrical precipi-'tators of the high resistance or low conduc tivity electrode type. a

It is an object of this invention to provide 6 an electric precipitatorof the type referred 1 to which iseasy to make and assembleandrelatively cheap to manufacture. j"

Another object is a precipitatorwhich. can be quickly repaired and atlowcost.

Another object is a treater which maybe readily and efi'ectivelycleaned.

The objects referred to and otherob ects will more clearly appear inconnection wlth 1 the accompanying drawings in which forms of collecinvention;

Figs. 2, 4 an Fig. 7 is a ting electrodes embodying the d 6 are planviews thereof; diagrammatic plan view of a simple application of theinvention;

Fig. 8is a sectional view of a special form of treaterembodying theinvention; and

Fig. 9 is adia rammatic plan view on an enlarged scale 0 a art of theconstruction shown in Fig. 8, exp

aining the essential features of operation. I

Fig. 10 shows a mo the unit electrodes.-

Figs. 11,12, 13 'an of various types of electrodes.

The present invention, as to the general principle of operatiomissimilar to the electrical precipiator disclosed inthe atent toAndersomNo. 1,541,67 7 but material-lydifferstherefrom in that-thecollecting elecj trodes are composed of unit elementsplaced V injuxtaposition orin any desired spaced relation.'

Such unit elements are illustrated n Figs. 1-6. Eachelemen't consists ofan elongated body of relatively high resistant material. As indicated inFigs. 1 and this body 10 may be of circular cross-section, 1. e. may bea c linder. vAsindicated in Figs. 3 and 4,'the ody 11 may be polygonal,rectangular or square'm particular. As indicated in Figs. 5 and 6' thecross-sectionof the body. 12 may general. "Figs. 11, 12,

dified arrangement of 13 an .14 show other Figs. 1, 3 and5 areelevations of different.

istics of resistance, expansion, etc. Finally,

cross sectionali's'hapesof electrodes' which may be used such as Y .25,star 26, channel 27 or angle These forms merely illustrate what weconsider as the preferred embodiments withinlthescopeof the" invention.

(The bodies 10, 11 and 12 or other similar elongated bodiespreferablycontain 'embedded therein'a conductor 13 occupying the central or axialposition. While the provision of a conductor is generally preferable,

the invention may be carried OQtrWlthOUt it, or conductors may extendonly part way through thebodies of resistance material. .There is greatlatitude in regard to the characteristicsof the relatively highresistant material itself, which forinstance may be concrete,- ceramicmaterial, or material of that kind mixed with carbon 'or other suitable3 material to impart to the mixture a definite degree ofconductivity. IThe bodies 10', 11 and 12 might consist of layer's of materials 'withdifi'erent character- .the bodies mi sired materia suitable liquid.

The principle direct advantage that may be derived from theunit'collecting electrode eleght-consist of shells ofthe \defilled withgas, oil or other ing electrode or a collecting electrode system of anyform, of individual units, whereby the manufacture-of the electrodesystem is materi'all simplified. The parts may lnentis the possibilityof building up a coll'ectd 14 show modifications be easily-assem' led,and readily exchanged 7 for the purposes of re air without requiring anextended shutown of the treater. 7 illustrates a collecting electrodesys- ,tem uilt, up by means of unlt elements ac- 1 cording to thisinvention. The cylindrical -unit elements 15 containing conductors 15are disposed in arallel relation in straight rows between w ich areplaced in the usual way the discha be, of course, anynumber of rows andthe spacing is a matter of judgment depending on particular conditions.v.One additional advantage incident to the.

invention isthe @acility with which the collecting electrodesurface mabe cleaned.

Inasmuch as each unit is re atively small and independent, it can beefiectiyely rapped rge electrodes 16. There may to remove the deposit.The rapping may be 'done at either end, as is well understood in theart.

Similarly thisconstruction facilitates effective cleaning by othermethods. For example, each unit can be rotated about its 1 long axiswhile its surface is in contact with the surfaces of adjacent units, orwith a fixed and independent knife ed e. 'Moving one extremity, "in aplane, para lel to the longitudinal axis of all adjacentunits, about theother extremity as a center will loosen and dislodge adhering depositsbridged between adjacent units in the construction shown in Figure 9.'Theconstruction also lends ittion may'bea plied.

self to cleaning by means of an automatic scra ing device similar inrinciple to that used for cleaning tubes in ueleconomizers.-

There are many wa s in which the invene'unit elements may be placed-vert1cally or horizontally or in any other position. may extend arallelor at an angle to the unit elements. hereis no definite limitin thisrespect. Instead of forming straight rows, the unit elements may becorrelated to define curvedrows." Q

Aside from the advantage of general flexibility of construction, t einvention may lind special application as, for instance, shown in Fi 8and 9.

In Fig. 8 is illustrated a horizontal flow treater in which the gasesenter through the inlet 21 'of the casing 20 and pass out through theoutlet 22. The collecting electrodes are composed of unit elements 23forming a plurality of rows transversely of the gas stream. In theparticular construction, there are a plurality of groups of two rowseach. The unit elements23 in the two rows of each roup are-in staggeredrelationas shown in ig.*9. The discharge electrodes 24 are so placedthateach has the same discharge position relatively to two unit elements 23of a row. N i

The eneral objectof this arrangement is to com ine electricalprecipitation and me gle to the gas flow.

chanical separation to ive a maximum cleanin efi'ect. The unit e ements23 of each row de no a lurality of constricted passages through w liichthe gas must flow and due to the staggered relation of; the rows, t gaspassages form an alternately constricted and expanded path. Thedischarge electrodes relatively to sthe collecting charge is directedsubstantial ly at right an- Therelative positioning of. the collectiunit elements, t 'e' tortuous path and the ternate ex ansions andcontractions are in-. strumenta in producing ame'chanical cleanelectrical preci itating action.

The corona ischarge so named because, it

The discharge electrodes 7 material of an posed ofa plurality ofunitelectrodes portions of ,tends to onl'yfaylimited, art of t v areaofthe relativel ing effect, which is supplemented by the is luminous,subjects the ases to a strong electric field and brings a out intenseionization which accomplishes a two-fold urposeJ It tends to recipitatethe fume ust, etc. upon the col ecting electrode surfaces and also toagglomerate the minute par? ticles, which ifnot precipitated directly,are mechanically intercepted b the electrodes 23 and thus removed from te gas stream by gravity action. In Fig. 10 we have shown a modifiedarrangement of unit element 23, wherein-alternate ones do not containconducting elements 13.. Discharge electrodes 24 are shown as arrangedbetween two unit electrode containing conductors 13. 'However, in dottedlines we have shown an alternate position for these electrodes.

It is understood that also in this embodiment of the invention, theelectrode unit elements 23 may have various forms, such as indicated inFigs. 1-6 and Figs. 11-44.

,We claim: I I 1. In an electrical preci itat or, the combination withtwo spaced discharge electrode systems of acollecting electrode systemcomposed of a plurality of spaced unit elements, each of said elementscomprising a central conductor and a body of relatively high resistant-material surrounding the same. 2. In'an electrical precipitator, thecombination with two spaced discharge electrode systemsof a collectingelectrode system composed ofa plurality of spaced unit elements, each ofsaid elements com rising a central conductor and a body of relativelyhigh resistant material of-substantially uniform cross-sectionsurrounding the same.

3. In'an electrical precipitator, a collectgelectrode system composed ofa plurality of unit elements, said unitelements being spaced a artlongitudinally of and trans: versely o the direction of gas flow andeach of said elements comprising a central conductor and\a .bod ofrelatively high resistant bstantially uniform cross-sectioipsunroundingthe same,;t-he body of material 'having a diameter considerably inexcessofrthe thickness of the conductor.

, 4. In an electrical precipitator, the combination of a collectingelectrode system comresenting peripheral surfaces; of relatively hresistant material, said electrodes being disin spaced relation anddisposed to alternately contracted and expanded 1 tande3 series ofdischargr:l elecposi ion wit res ct to sai unit electrodes that thecorona disc lfar'ge from said discharge electrodes takes placeacrossconsaid gas 'passa esand ex- 1-2.1

esurfac qhig resistant material I of 'aaidunitalect es. 1/ j 5; 4'construction, according to, claim 4, wherein the elements are disposedin 9, d

plurality of rows and the unit elements of one row are displacedrelatively to the unit elements in another row.

6. A construction according to claim 4, wherein the unit elements aredisposed in a plurality of rows and the unit elements of one row aredisposed-on lines midway between adjacent unit elements in an adjacentrow.

7. In an electrical precipitator, the combination of a collectingelectrode system composed of a pluralty of unit elements presentingperipheral surfaces of relative y resistant material, said elements beindisposed in spaced relation longitudi-na y of and transversely of thedirection of gas flow to define alternately contracted and expanded gaspassages, and discharge electrodes, each discharge electrode .having adischargerelation to .twoadjacent unit elements in a row. v

8. In an electrical precipitator, the combination of a collectingelectrode system com:

posed of a plurality of unit element's resenting peripheral surfaces ofrelative y high 4 resistant material, the unit elements being disposedto form a plurality of groups of two parallel. rows each wherein; theunit elements in one row are laterally offset relatively to the unitelements of the other row, each group being spaced from the adjacentgroup a reater distance than the distance between he rows of the samegroup, and discharge electrodes disposed between the groups so that eachpair of adjacent" unit elements in a row has substantially the samerelation to one discharge electrode;

9. In an electricalprecipitator, a collector electrode system definin agas passage having zones of high and of ow gas velocity, and dischargeelectrodes; said collector electrode system comprising collectingelectrodes of high resistance material presenting only limited surfaceareas to said discharge electrodes to provide an electrostatic fieldinand of varying intensity along-saidgas passage, 1 and said dischargeelectrodes-being so posis tioned that zones of high field intensity arelocated at zones of high .gas velocity.

10. The invention as set forth in claim 9, wherein said collectorelectrode system comprises unit elements spaced longitudinally of andtransversely of the line of gas travel, each of said elements being anelongated body presentinga peripheral surface of resistance maeria Intestimony whereof, we aflix our signa tures.

HARRY A. WINTERMUTE. CARL W. JJHEDBERG.

high

symmetrical

